Merkel

Merkel (Меркель), Makarovka (Макаровка), Makarowka

50°53' N 45°17' E

Merkel, a German colony in the Kamyshin District, the Sosnovsk Rural District, Saratov Province, along the Makarovka Creek where it joins the Karamysh River.  Merkel is located 90 versts from Saratov, 90 versts from Kamyshin, and 18 versts from Messer.  The colony was established on 28 August 1766 by Baron de Boffe with families from Baden and Dresden.  In an edict dated 26 February 1768, Merkel was given the official Russian name of Makarovka.

At the 8th Revision in 1834, the colony was allocated 15 desyatina per male inhabitant for a total of 2,340 desyatina.  By the 10th Revision in 1857, this allotment measured out to only 4.5 desyatina per male inhabitant.

According to the information of the Central Statistical Committee in 1859, the colony there were a Lutheran church, a school, a mill.  All were German Lutherans except for one Catholic, one Baptist, and one Reformed.

According to Minkh, between 1861 and 1879, 224 colonists moved to Friedenfeld, in the Novouzensk District, Samara Province.  In 1876, 6 colonists and in 1877, 1 additional colonist immigrated to America.  In 1886 another 2 families received passports and immigrated.

As of 1886, there were 134 habitable houses, of which 58 were built of rock and 75 of wood.  Of them, 64 had wood-shingled roofs and 64 had thatch.  There were 5 industrial businesses, and 1 saloon.  The colony inventory includes 159 plows, 1 wooden plow, 36 winnowing machines, 1 threshing machine, 605 horses, 130 oxen, 726 cows and calves, 1,105 sheep, 500 pigs, and 300 goats.  The land allotment of good soil was 3,332.5 desyatina, of which 2,503 desyatina is cultivated.  The poor land amounted to 676 desyatina, for a total of 4,008.5 desyatina.  Of this total, 2,188½ desyatina of good land and 591¼ of poor land is located near the colony, and 528¼ desyatina of good land and 18¼ of poor land is located 12 versts away.  Pasture located west of the colony amounts to 200 desyatina.

As of 1894, Merkel has a Lutheran Church, built of wood, with wood shingles, which was constructed in 1826.  There is a parish German school that as existed since the establishment of the colony.  There is also a government school.  There are 135 habitable structures made of wood, native stone, and brink.  Most are covered with thatched roofs.  Most inhabitants are farmers, but 100 people are employed in the calico (sarpinka) textile factory.

After the establishment of the worker’s commune system in October 1918, Merkel was placed under the jurisdiction of the Kamyenski Rural Council in the Balzer Kanton, of the Volgograd Province.  In 1926, the Village Soviet system was set up, and with the establishment of the Volga German Autonomous Republic on 1 January 1935, Merkel became part of the Frank Kanton.  With the liquidation of the Volga German Autonomous Republic in 1941, Merkel became known as Makarovka, in the Zhirnovsk Region of the Volgograd Province.

The Dietel parish which included the colony of Merkel was served by the following pastors:

1768-1770 Sigismund Israel Bergen

1772-1774 Gottlieb May

1780-1782 Laurentius Ahlbaum

1793-1798 Johann Heinrich Buck

1801-1815 Karl Jakob Früauf

1819-1835 Andreas Haag

1835-1862 Gotthard Alexis Marpurg

1864-1880 Ernst Gottfried Carrolien

1887-1892 August Julius Tiedemann

1893-1927 Johann Friedrich Möllmann

Population Statistics Summary

*Not including 82 absent families and another 8 families (38 individuals) who live outside the colony. In total, there are 315 male and 326 female colonists who no longer live in the colony.

**Of these 243 households were German, 1,435 people (712 male and 723 female).

References:

Список населенных мест Самарской губернии (List of the Populated Places of the Samara Province). Samara, Russia, 1910; p. 60.

Minkh, A.N. Историко-географическій Словаръ Саратовской губерніи (Historical-Geographical Dictionary of the Saratov Province). Saratov, 1901; pp. 602-605.

Klaus, A.A. Наши колонии (Our Colonies). Saint Petersburg, Russia, 1869; pp. 48-49.

Dietz, Jacob E.  History of the Volga German Colonists.  Lincoln, NE: American Historical Society of Germans from Russia, 2005.  Earlier published as История поволжских немцев-колонистов. Moscow, 1997.

The school building in Merkel. At left is the bell tower for this colony.